Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
services/companion/java/com/android/server/companion/CompanionDeviceManagerService.java
### 代码内容：
package com.android.server.companion;

import static com.android.internal.util.CollectionUtils.size;
import static com.android.internal.util.FunctionalUtils.uncheckExceptions;
import static com.android.internal.util.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.android.internal.util.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.android.internal.util.Preconditions.checkState;
import static com.android.internal.util.function.pooled.PooledLambda.obtainMessage;
import static com.android.internal.util.function.pooled.PooledLambda.obtainRunnable;

import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MINUTES;

import android.annotation.CheckResult;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.app.AppOpsManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.companion.Association;
import android.companion.AssociationRequest;
import android.companion.CompanionDeviceManager;
import android.companion.ICompanionDeviceDiscoveryService;
import android.companion.ICompanionDeviceManager;
import android.companion.IFindDeviceCallback;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.pm.FeatureInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageItemInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.NetworkPolicyManager;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.IDeviceIdleController;
import android.os.IInterface;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.ResultReceiver;
import android.os.ServiceManager;
import android.os.ShellCallback;
import android.os.ShellCommand;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.os.UserManagerInternal;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.provider.SettingsStringUtil.ComponentNameSet;
import android.text.BidiFormatter;
import android.util.ArraySet;
import android.util.AtomicFile;
import android.util.ExceptionUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Slog;
import android.util.Xml;

import com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService;
import com.android.internal.content.PackageMonitor;
import com.android.internal.infra.AndroidFuture;
import com.android.internal.infra.PerUser;
import com.android.internal.infra.ServiceConnector;
import com.android.internal.notification.NotificationAccessConfirmationActivityContract;
import com.android.internal.os.BackgroundThread;
import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
import com.android.internal.util.CollectionUtils;
import com.android.internal.util.function.pooled.PooledLambda;
import com.android.server.FgThread;
import com.android.server.LocalServices;
import com.android.server.SystemService;
import com.android.server.wm.ActivityTaskManagerInternal;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.function.Function;

//TODO onStop schedule unbind in 5 seconds
//TODO make sure APIs are only callable from currently focused app
//TODO schedule stopScan on activity destroy(except if configuration change)
//TODO on associate called again after configuration change -> replace old callback with new
//TODO avoid leaking calling activity in IFindDeviceCallback (see PrintManager#print for example)
/** @hide */
public class CompanionDeviceManagerService extends SystemService implements Binder.DeathRecipient {

    private static final ComponentName SERVICE_TO_BIND_TO = ComponentName.createRelative(
            CompanionDeviceManager.COMPANION_DEVICE_DISCOVERY_PACKAGE_NAME,
            ".DeviceDiscoveryService");

    private static final boolean DEBUG = false;
    private static final String LOG_TAG = "CompanionDeviceManagerService";

    private static final String PREF_FILE_NAME = "companion_device_preferences.xml";
    private static final String PREF_KEY_AUTO_REVOKE_GRANTS_DONE = "auto_revoke_grants_done";

    private static final String XML_TAG_ASSOCIATIONS = "associations";
    private static final String XML_TAG_ASSOCIATION = "association";
    private static final String XML_ATTR_PACKAGE = "package";
    private static final String XML_ATTR_DEVICE = "device";
    private static final String XML_FILE_NAME = "companion_device_manager_associations.xml";

    private final CompanionDeviceManagerImpl mImpl;
    private final ConcurrentMap<Integer, AtomicFile> mUidToStorage = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    private IDeviceIdleController mIdleController;
    private PerUser<ServiceConnector<ICompanionDeviceDiscoveryService>> mServiceConnectors;
    private IAppOpsService mAppOpsManager;

    private IFindDeviceCallback mFindDeviceCallback;
    private AssociationRequest mRequest;
    private String mCallingPackage;
    private AndroidFuture<Association> mOngoingDeviceDiscovery;

    private final Object mLock = new Object();

    public CompanionDeviceManagerService(Context context) {
        super(context);
        mImpl = new CompanionDeviceManagerImpl();
        mIdleController = IDeviceIdleController.Stub.asInterface(
                ServiceManager.getService(Context.DEVICE_IDLE_CONTROLLER));
        mAppOpsManager = IAppOpsService.Stub.asInterface(
                ServiceManager.getService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE));

        Intent serviceIntent = new Intent().setComponent(SERVICE_TO_BIND_TO);
        mServiceConnectors = new PerUser<ServiceConnector<ICompanionDeviceDiscoveryService>>() {
            @Override
            protected ServiceConnector<ICompanionDeviceDiscoveryService> create(int userId) {
                return new ServiceConnector.Impl<>(
                        getContext(),
                        serviceIntent, 0/* bindingFlags */, userId,
                        ICompanionDeviceDiscoveryService.Stub::asInterface);
            }
        };

        registerPackageMonitor();
    }

    private void registerPackageMonitor() {
        new PackageMonitor() {
            @Override
            public void onPackageRemoved(String packageName, int uid) {
                updateAssociations(
                        as -> CollectionUtils.filter(as,
                                a -> !Objects.equals(a.companionAppPackage, packageName)),
                        getChangingUserId());
            }

            @Override
            public void onPackageModified(String packageName) {
                int userId = getChangingUserId();
                if (!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(readAllAssociations(userId, packageName))) {
                    updateSpecialAccessPermissionForAssociatedPackage(packageName, userId);
                }
            }

        }.register(getContext(), FgThread.get().getLooper(), UserHandle.ALL, true);
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        publishBinderService(Context.COMPANION_DEVICE_SERVICE, mImpl);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUnlockUser(int userHandle) {
        Set<Association> associations = readAllAssociations(userHandle);
        if (associations == null || associations.isEmpty()) {
            return;
        }
        Set<String> companionAppPackages = new HashSet<>();
        for (Association association : associations) {
            companionAppPackages.add(association.companionAppPackage);
        }
        ActivityTaskManagerInternal atmInternal = LocalServices.getService(
                ActivityTaskManagerInternal.class);
        if (atmInternal != null) {
            atmInternal.setCompanionAppPackages(userHandle, companionAppPackages);
        }

        BackgroundThread.getHandler().sendMessageDelayed(
                obtainMessage(CompanionDeviceManagerService::maybeGrantAutoRevokeExemptions, this),
                MINUTES.toMillis(10));
    }

    void maybeGrantAutoRevokeExemptions() {
        PackageManager pm = getContext().getPackageManager();
        for (int userId : LocalServices.getService(UserManagerInternal.class).getUserIds()) {
            SharedPreferences pref = getContext().getSharedPreferences(
                    new File(Environment.getUserSystemDirectory(userId), PREF_FILE_NAME),
                    Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
            if (pref.getBoolean(PREF_KEY_AUTO_REVOKE_GRANTS_DONE, false)) {
                continue;
            }

            try {
                Set<Association> associations = readAllAssociations(userId);
                if (associations == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                for (Association a : associations) {
                    try {
                        int uid = pm.getPackageUidAsUser(a.companionAppPackage, userId);
                        exemptFromAutoRevoke(a.companionAppPackage, uid);
                    } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
                        Log.w(LOG_TAG, "Unknown companion package: " + a.companionAppPackage, e);
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                pref.edit().putBoolean(PREF_KEY_AUTO_REVOKE_GRANTS_DONE, true).apply();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void binderDied() {
        Handler.getMain().post(this::cleanup);
    }

    private void cleanup() {
        synchronized (mLock) {
            AndroidFuture<Association> ongoingDeviceDiscovery = mOngoingDeviceDiscovery;
            if (ongoingDeviceDiscovery != null && !ongoingDeviceDiscovery.isDone()) {
                ongoingDeviceDiscovery.cancel(true);
            }
            mFindDeviceCallback = unlinkToDeath(mFindDeviceCallback, this, 0);
            mRequest = null;
            mCallingPackage = null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Usage: {@code a = unlinkToDeath(a, deathRecipient, flags); }
     */
    @Nullable
    @CheckResult
    private static <T extends IInterface> T unlinkToDeath(T iinterface,
            IBinder.DeathRecipient deathRecipient, int flags) {
        if (iinterface != null) {
            iinterface.asBinder().unlinkToDeath(deathRecipient, flags);
        }
        return null;
    }

    class CompanionDeviceManagerImpl extends ICompanionDeviceManager.Stub {

        @Override
        public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags)
                throws RemoteException {
            try {
                return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
            } catch (Throwable e) {
                Slog.e(LOG_TAG, "Error during IPC", e);
                throw ExceptionUtils.propagate(e, RemoteException.class);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void associate(
                AssociationRequest request,
                IFindDeviceCallback callback,
                String callingPackage) throws RemoteException {
            if (DEBUG) {
                Slog.i(LOG_TAG, "associate(request = " + request + ", callback = " + callback
                        + ", callingPackage = " + callingPackage + ")");
            }
            checkNotNull(request, "Request cannot be null");
            checkNotNull(callback, "Callback cannot be null");
            checkCallerIsSystemOr(callingPackage);
            int userId = getCallingUserId();
            checkUsesFeature(callingPackage, userId);

            mFindDeviceCallback = callback;
            mRequest = request;
            mCallingPackage = callingPackage;
            callback.asBinder().linkToDeath(CompanionDeviceManagerService.this /* recipient */, 0);

            final long callingIdentity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                mOngoingDeviceDiscovery = mServiceConnectors.forUser(userId).postAsync(service -> {
                    AndroidFuture<Association> future = new AndroidFuture<>();
                    service.startDiscovery(request, callingPackage, callback, future);
                    return future;
                }).whenComplete(uncheckExceptions((association, err) -> {
                    if (err == null) {
                        addAssociation(association);
                    } else {
                        Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Failed to discover device(s)", err);
                        callback.onFailure("No devices found: " + err.getMessage());
                    }
                    cleanup();
                }));
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(callingIdentity);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void stopScan(AssociationRequest request,
                IFindDeviceCallback callback,
                String callingPackage) {
            if (Objects.equals(request, mRequest)
                    && Objects.equals(callback, mFindDeviceCallback)
                    && Objects.equals(callingPackage, mCallingPackage)) {
                cleanup();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public List<String> getAssociations(String callingPackage, int userId)
                throws RemoteException {
            if (!callerCanManageCompanionDevices()) {
                checkCallerIsSystemOr(callingPackage, userId);
                checkUsesFeature(callingPackage, getCallingUserId());
            }
            return new ArrayList<>(CollectionUtils.map(
                    readAllAssociations(userId, callingPackage),
                    a -> a.deviceAddress));
        }

        //TODO also revoke notification access
        @Override
        public void disassociate(String deviceMacAddress, String callingPackage)
                throws RemoteException {
            checkNotNull(deviceMacAddress);
            checkCallerIsSystemOr(callingPackage);
            checkUsesFeature(callingPackage, getCallingUserId());
            removeAssociation(getCallingUserId(), callingPackage, deviceMacAddress);
        }

        private boolean callerCanManageCompanionDevices() {
            return getContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
                    android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_COMPANION_DEVICES)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        }

        private void checkCallerIsSystemOr(String pkg) throws RemoteException {
            checkCallerIsSystemOr(pkg, getCallingUserId());
        }

        private void checkCallerIsSystemOr(String pkg, int userId) throws RemoteException {
            if (isCallerSystem()) {
                return;
            }

            checkArgument(getCallingUserId() == userId,
                    "Must be called by either same user or system");
            mAppOpsManager.checkPackage(Binder.getCallingUid(), pkg);
        }

        @Override
        public PendingIntent requestNotificationAccess(ComponentName component)
                throws RemoteException {
            String callingPackage = component.getPackageName();
            checkCanCallNotificationApi(callingPackage);
            int userId = getCallingUserId();
            String packageTitle = BidiFormatter.getInstance().unicodeWrap(
                    getPackageInfo(callingPackage, userId)
                            .applicationInfo
                            .loadSafeLabel(getContext().getPackageManager(),
                                    PackageItemInfo.DEFAULT_MAX_LABEL_SIZE_PX,
                                    PackageItemInfo.SAFE_LABEL_FLAG_TRIM
                                            | PackageItemInfo.SAFE_LABEL_FLAG_FIRST_LINE)
                            .toString());
            long identity = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
            try {
                return PendingIntent.getActivity(getContext(),
                        0 /* request code */,
                        NotificationAccessConfirmationActivityContract.launcherIntent(
                                userId, component, packageTitle),
                        PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE | PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT
                                | PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
            } finally {
                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(identity);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public boolean hasNotificationAccess(ComponentName component) throws RemoteException {
            checkCanCallNotificationApi(component.getPackageName());
            String setting = Settings.Secure.getString(getContext().getContentResolver(),
                    Settings.Secure.ENABLED_NOTIFICATION_LISTENERS);
            return new ComponentNameSet(setting).contains(component);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isDeviceAssociatedForWifiConnection(String packageName, String macAddress,
                int userId) {
            getContext().enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                    android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_COMPANION_DEVICES, "isDeviceAssociated");

            boolean bypassMacPermission = getContext().getPackageManager().checkPermission(
                    android.Manifest.permission.COMPANION_APPROVE_WIFI_CONNECTIONS, packageName)
                    == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
            if (bypassMacPermission) {
                return true;
            }

            return CollectionUtils.any(
                    readAllAssociations(userId, packageName),
                    a -> Objects.equals(a.deviceAddress, macAddress));
        }

        private void checkCanCallNotificationApi(String callingPackage) throws RemoteException {
            checkCallerIsSystemOr(callingPackage);
            int userId = getCallingUserId();
            checkState(!ArrayUtils.isEmpty(readAllAssociations(userId, callingPackage)),
                    "App must have an association before calling this API");
            checkUsesFeature(callingPackage, userId);
        }

        private void checkUsesFeature(String pkg, int userId) {
            if (isCallerSystem()) {
                // Drop the requirement for calls from system process
                return;
            }

            FeatureInfo[] reqFeatures = getPackageInfo(pkg, userId).reqFeatures;
            String requiredFeature = PackageManager.FEATURE_COMPANION_DEVICE_SETUP;
            int numFeatures = ArrayUtils.size(reqFeatures);
            for (int i = 0; i < numFeatures; i++) {
                if (requiredFeature.equals(reqFeatures[i].name)) return;
            }
            throw new IllegalStateException("Must declare uses-feature "
                    + requiredFeature
                    + " in manifest to use this API");
        }

        @Override
        public void onShellCommand(FileDescriptor in, FileDescriptor out, FileDescriptor err,
                String[] args, ShellCallback callback, ResultReceiver resultReceiver)
                throws RemoteException {
            new ShellCmd().exec(this, in, out, err, args, callback, resultReceiver);
        }
    }

    private static int getCallingUserId() {
        return UserHandle.getUserId(Binder.getCallingUid());
    }

    private static boolean isCallerSystem() {
        return Binder.getCallingUid() == Process.SYSTEM_UID;
    }

    void addAssociation(int userId, String packageName, String deviceAddress) {
        addAssociation(new Association(userId, deviceAddress, packageName));
    }

    void addAssociation(Association association) {
        updateSpecialAccessPermissionForAssociatedPackage(
                association.companionAppPackage, association.userId);
        recordAssociation(association);
    }

    void removeAssociation(int userId, String pkg, String deviceMacAddress) {
        updateAssociations(associations -> CollectionUtils.remove(associations,
                new Association(userId, deviceMacAddress, pkg)));
    }

    private void updateSpecialAccessPermissionForAssociatedPackage(String packageName, int userId) {
        PackageInfo packageInfo = getPackageInfo(packageName, userId);
        if (packageInfo == null) {
            return;
        }

        Binder.withCleanCallingIdentity(obtainRunnable(CompanionDeviceManagerService::
                updateSpecialAccessPermissionAsSystem, this, packageInfo).recycleOnUse());
    }

    private void updateSpecialAccessPermissionAsSystem(PackageInfo packageInfo) {
        try {
            if (containsEither(packageInfo.requestedPermissions,
                    android.Manifest.permission.RUN_IN_BACKGROUND,
                    android.Manifest.permission.REQUEST_COMPANION_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND)) {
                mIdleController.addPowerSaveWhitelistApp(packageInfo.packageName);
            } else {
                mIdleController.removePowerSaveWhitelistApp(packageInfo.packageName);
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            /* ignore - local call */
        }

        NetworkPolicyManager networkPolicyManager = NetworkPolicyManager.from(getContext());
        if (containsEither(packageInfo.requestedPermissions,
                android.Manifest.permission.USE_DATA_IN_BACKGROUND,
                android.Manifest.permission.REQUEST_COMPANION_USE_DATA_IN_BACKGROUND)) {
            networkPolicyManager.addUidPolicy(
                    packageInfo.applicationInfo.uid,
                    NetworkPolicyManager.POLICY_ALLOW_METERED_BACKGROUND);
        } else {
            networkPolicyManager.removeUidPolicy(
                    packageInfo.applicationInfo.uid,
                    NetworkPolicyManager.POLICY_ALLOW_METERED_BACKGROUND);
        }

        exemptFromAutoRevoke(packageInfo.packageName, packageInfo.applicationInfo.uid);
    }

    private void exemptFromAutoRevoke(String packageName, int uid) {
        try {
            mAppOpsManager.setMode(
                    AppOpsManager.OP_AUTO_REVOKE_PERMISSIONS_IF_UNUSED,
                    uid,
                    packageName,
                    AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            Log.w(LOG_TAG,
                    "Error while granting auto revoke exemption for " + packageName, e);
        }
    }

    private static <T> boolean containsEither(T[] array, T a, T b) {
        return ArrayUtils.contains(array, a) || ArrayUtils.contains(array, b);
    }

    @Nullable
    private PackageInfo getPackageInfo(String packageName, int userId) {
        return Binder.withCleanCallingIdentity(PooledLambda.obtainSupplier((context, pkg, id) -> {
            try {
                return context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfoAsUser(
                        pkg,
                        PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_CONFIGURATIONS,
                        id);
            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
                Slog.e(LOG_TAG, "Failed to get PackageInfo for package " + pkg, e);
                return null;
            }
        }, getContext(), packageName, userId).recycleOnUse());
    }

    private void recordAssociation(Association association) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.i(LOG_TAG, "recordAssociation(" + association + ")");
        }
        updateAssociations(associations -> CollectionUtils.add(associations, association));
    }

    private void recordAssociation(String privilegedPackage, String deviceAddress) {
        recordAssociation(new Association(getCallingUserId(), deviceAddress, privilegedPackage));
    }

    private void updateAssociations(Function<Set<Association>, Set<Association>> update) {
        updateAssociations(update, getCallingUserId());
    }

    private void updateAssociations(Function<Set<Association>, Set<Association>> update,
            int userId) {
        final AtomicFile file = getStorageFileForUser(userId);
        synchronized (file) {
            Set<Association> associations = readAllAssociations(userId);
            final Set<Association> old = CollectionUtils.copyOf(associations);
            associations = update.apply(associations);
            if (size(old) == size(associations)) return;

            Set<Association> finalAssociations = associations;
            Set<String> companionAppPackages = new HashSet<>();
            for (Association association : finalAssociations) {
                companionAppPackages.add(association.companionAppPackage);
            }

            file.write((out) -> {
                XmlSerializer xml = Xml.newSerializer();
                try {
                    xml.setOutput(out, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
                    xml.setFeature("http://xmlpull.org/v1/doc/features.html#indent-output", true);
                    xml.startDocument(null, true);
                    xml.startTag(null, XML_TAG_ASSOCIATIONS);

                    CollectionUtils.forEach(finalAssociations, association -> {
                        xml.startTag(null, XML_TAG_ASSOCIATION)
                                .attribute(null, XML_ATTR_PACKAGE, association.companionAppPackage)
                                .attribute(null, XML_ATTR_DEVICE, association.deviceAddress)
                                .endTag(null, XML_TAG_ASSOCIATION);
                    });

                    xml.endTag(null, XML_TAG_ASSOCIATIONS);
                    xml.endDocument();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Slog.e(LOG_TAG, "Error while writing associations file", e);
                    throw ExceptionUtils.propagate(e);
                }

            });
            ActivityTaskManagerInternal atmInternal = LocalServices.getService(
                    ActivityTaskManagerInternal.class);
            atmInternal.setCompanionAppPackages(userId, companionAppPackages);
        }
    }

    private AtomicFile getStorageFileForUser(int uid) {
        return mUidToStorage.computeIfAbsent(uid, (u) ->
                new AtomicFile(new File(
                        //TODO deprecated method - what's the right replacement?
                        Environment.getUserSystemDirectory(u),
                        XML_FILE_NAME)));
    }

    @Nullable
    private Set<Association> readAllAssociations(int userId) {
        return readAllAssociations(userId, null);
    }

    @Nullable
    private Set<Association> readAllAssociations(int userId, @Nullable String packageFilter) {
        final AtomicFile file = getStorageFileForUser(userId);

        if (!file.getBaseFile().exists()) return null;

        ArraySet<Association> result = null;
        final XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser();
        synchronized (file) {
            try (FileInputStream in = file.openRead()) {
                parser.setInput(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG
                            && !XML_TAG_ASSOCIATIONS.equals(parser.getName())) continue;

                    final String appPackage = parser.getAttributeValue(null, XML_ATTR_PACKAGE);
                    final String deviceAddress = parser.getAttributeValue(null, XML_ATTR_DEVICE);

                    if (appPackage == null || deviceAddress == null) continue;
                    if (packageFilter != null && !packageFilter.equals(appPackage)) continue;

                    result = ArrayUtils.add(result,
                            new Association(userId, deviceAddress, appPackage));
                }
                return result;
            } catch (XmlPullParserException | IOException e) {
                Slog.e(LOG_TAG, "Error while reading associations file", e);
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    private class ShellCmd extends ShellCommand {
        public static final String USAGE = "help\n"
                + "list USER_ID\n"
                + "associate USER_ID PACKAGE MAC_ADDRESS\n"
                + "disassociate USER_ID PACKAGE MAC_ADDRESS";

        ShellCmd() {
            getContext().enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                    android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_COMPANION_DEVICES, "ShellCmd");
        }

        @Override
        public int onCommand(String cmd) {
            switch (cmd) {
                case "list": {
                    CollectionUtils.forEach(
                            readAllAssociations(getNextArgInt()),
                            a -> getOutPrintWriter()
                                    .println(a.companionAppPackage + " " + a.deviceAddress));
                } break;

                case "associate": {
                    addAssociation(getNextArgInt(), getNextArgRequired(), getNextArgRequired());
                } break;

                case "disassociate": {
                    removeAssociation(getNextArgInt(), getNextArgRequired(), getNextArgRequired());
                } break;

                default: return handleDefaultCommands(cmd);
            }
            return 0;
        }

        private int getNextArgInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(getNextArgRequired());
        }

        @Override
        public void onHelp() {
            getOutPrintWriter().println(USAGE);
        }
    }

}

Output:
【漏洞类型】安全检查不严格
【严重性】Medium
【漏洞摘要】原始代码中的`checkCallerIsSystemOr`方法在验证调用者是否属于系统或特定用户时，使用了`mAppOpsManager.checkPackage`，但该方法返回一个整数值而不是抛出异常。因此，当调用者试图查询其他应用程序的关联时，代码并没有严格地检查调用者是否合法，这可能导致未授权访问。
【关键代码模式】
- `mAppOpsManager.checkPackage`
- `checkCallerIsSystemOr`
- `getCallingUserId`
- `getCallingOrSelfPermission`
【修复方法说明】修复方法通过检查`mAppOpsManager.checkPackage`的返回值，如果返回值不是`AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED`，则抛出`SecurityException`，从而严格限制了未授权的访问。


Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/permission/BasePermission.java
### 代码内容：
package com.android.server.pm.permission;

import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE;
import static android.content.pm.PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_DANGEROUS;
import static android.content.pm.PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_NORMAL;
import static android.content.pm.PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_SIGNATURE;
import static android.content.pm.PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_SIGNATURE_OR_SYSTEM;

import static com.android.server.pm.Settings.ATTR_NAME;
import static com.android.server.pm.Settings.ATTR_PACKAGE;
import static com.android.server.pm.Settings.TAG_ITEM;

import android.annotation.IntDef;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.content.pm.PackageManagerInternal;
import android.content.pm.PermissionInfo;
import android.content.pm.parsing.component.ParsedPermission;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Slog;

import com.android.server.pm.DumpState;
import com.android.server.pm.PackageManagerService;
import com.android.server.pm.PackageSetting;
import com.android.server.pm.PackageSettingBase;
import com.android.server.pm.parsing.PackageInfoUtils;
import com.android.server.pm.parsing.pkg.AndroidPackage;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;

public final class BasePermission {
    static final String TAG = "PackageManager";

    public static final int TYPE_NORMAL = 0;
    public static final int TYPE_BUILTIN = 1;
    public static final int TYPE_DYNAMIC = 2;
    @IntDef(value = {
        TYPE_NORMAL,
        TYPE_BUILTIN,
        TYPE_DYNAMIC,
    })
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
    public @interface PermissionType {}

    @IntDef(value = {
        PROTECTION_DANGEROUS,
        PROTECTION_NORMAL,
        PROTECTION_SIGNATURE,
        PROTECTION_SIGNATURE_OR_SYSTEM,
    })
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
    public @interface ProtectionLevel {}

    final String name;

    final @PermissionType int type;

    private boolean mPermissionDefinitionChanged;

    String sourcePackageName;

    int protectionLevel;

    ParsedPermission perm;

    PermissionInfo pendingPermissionInfo;

    /** UID that owns the definition of this permission */
    int uid;

    /** Additional GIDs given to apps granted this permission */
    private int[] gids;

    /**
     * Flag indicating that {@link #gids} should be adjusted based on the
     * {@link UserHandle} the granted app is running as.
     */
    private boolean perUser;

    public BasePermission(String _name, String _sourcePackageName, @PermissionType int _type) {
        name = _name;
        sourcePackageName = _sourcePackageName;
        type = _type;
        // Default to most conservative protection level.
        protectionLevel = PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_SIGNATURE;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BasePermission{" + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(this)) + " " + name
                + "}";
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public int getProtectionLevel() {
        return protectionLevel;
    }
    public String getSourcePackageName() {
        return sourcePackageName;
    }

    public boolean isPermissionDefinitionChanged() {
        return mPermissionDefinitionChanged;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public int getUid() {
        return uid;
    }
    public void setGids(int[] gids, boolean perUser) {
        this.gids = gids;
        this.perUser = perUser;
    }
    public void setPermission(@Nullable ParsedPermission perm) {
        this.perm = perm;
    }

    public void setPermissionDefinitionChanged(boolean shouldOverride) {
        mPermissionDefinitionChanged = shouldOverride;
    }

    public int[] computeGids(int userId) {
        if (perUser) {
            final int[] userGids = new int[gids.length];
            for (int i = 0; i < gids.length; i++) {
                userGids[i] = UserHandle.getUid(userId, gids[i]);
            }
            return userGids;
        } else {
            return gids;
        }
    }

    public int calculateFootprint(BasePermission perm) {
        if (uid == perm.uid) {
            return perm.name.length() + perm.perm.calculateFootprint();
        }
        return 0;
    }

    public boolean isPermission(ParsedPermission perm) {
        if (this.perm == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return Objects.equals(this.perm.getPackageName(), perm.getPackageName())
                && Objects.equals(this.perm.getName(), perm.getName());
    }

    public boolean isDynamic() {
        return type == TYPE_DYNAMIC;
    }

    public boolean isNormal() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_MASK_BASE)
                == PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_NORMAL;
    }
    public boolean isRuntime() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_MASK_BASE)
                == PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_DANGEROUS;
    }

    public boolean isRemoved() {
        return perm != null && (perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_REMOVED) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isSoftRestricted() {
        return perm != null && (perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_SOFT_RESTRICTED) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isHardRestricted() {
        return perm != null && (perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_HARD_RESTRICTED) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isHardOrSoftRestricted() {
        return perm != null && (perm.getFlags() & (PermissionInfo.FLAG_HARD_RESTRICTED
                | PermissionInfo.FLAG_SOFT_RESTRICTED)) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isImmutablyRestricted() {
        return perm != null && (perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_IMMUTABLY_RESTRICTED) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isSignature() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_MASK_BASE) ==
                PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_SIGNATURE;
    }

    public boolean isAppOp() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_APPOP) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isDevelopment() {
        return isSignature()
                && (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_DEVELOPMENT) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isInstaller() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_INSTALLER) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isInstant() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_INSTANT) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isOEM() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_OEM) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isPre23() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_PRE23) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isPreInstalled() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_PREINSTALLED) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isPrivileged() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_PRIVILEGED) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isRuntimeOnly() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_RUNTIME_ONLY) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isSetup() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_SETUP) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isVerifier() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_VERIFIER) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isVendorPrivileged() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_VENDOR_PRIVILEGED) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isSystemTextClassifier() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_SYSTEM_TEXT_CLASSIFIER)
                != 0;
    }
    public boolean isWellbeing() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_WELLBEING) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isDocumenter() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_DOCUMENTER) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isConfigurator() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_CONFIGURATOR)
            != 0;
    }
    public boolean isIncidentReportApprover() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_INCIDENT_REPORT_APPROVER) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isAppPredictor() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_APP_PREDICTOR) != 0;
    }
    public boolean isCompanion() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_COMPANION) != 0;
    }

    public boolean isRetailDemo() {
        return (protectionLevel & PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_FLAG_RETAIL_DEMO) != 0;
    }

    public void transfer(@NonNull String origPackageName, @NonNull String newPackageName) {
        if (!origPackageName.equals(sourcePackageName)) {
            return;
        }
        sourcePackageName = newPackageName;
        perm = null;
        if (pendingPermissionInfo != null) {
            pendingPermissionInfo.packageName = newPackageName;
        }
        uid = 0;
        setGids(null, false);
    }

    public boolean addToTree(@ProtectionLevel int protectionLevel,
            @NonNull PermissionInfo info, @NonNull BasePermission tree) {
        final boolean changed =
                (this.protectionLevel != protectionLevel
                    || perm == null
                    || uid != tree.uid
                    || !Objects.equals(perm.getPackageName(), tree.perm.getPackageName())
                    || !comparePermissionInfos(perm, info));
        this.protectionLevel = protectionLevel;
        info = new PermissionInfo(info);
        info.protectionLevel = protectionLevel;
        perm = new ParsedPermission(tree.perm);
        uid = tree.uid;
        return changed;
    }

    public void updateDynamicPermission(Collection<BasePermission> permissionTrees) {
        if (PackageManagerService.DEBUG_SETTINGS) Log.v(TAG, "Dynamic permission: name="
                + getName() + " pkg=" + getSourcePackageName()
                + " info=" + pendingPermissionInfo);
        if (pendingPermissionInfo != null) {
            final BasePermission tree = findPermissionTree(permissionTrees, name);
            if (tree != null && tree.perm != null) {
                perm = new ParsedPermission(tree.perm, pendingPermissionInfo,
                        tree.perm.getPackageName(), name);
                uid = tree.uid;
            }
        }
    }

    static BasePermission createOrUpdate(PackageManagerInternal packageManagerInternal,
            @Nullable BasePermission bp, @NonNull ParsedPermission p,
            @NonNull AndroidPackage pkg, Collection<BasePermission> permissionTrees,
            boolean chatty) {
        final PackageSettingBase pkgSetting =
                (PackageSettingBase) packageManagerInternal.getPackageSetting(pkg.getPackageName());
        // Allow system apps to redefine non-system permissions
        boolean ownerChanged = false;
        if (bp != null && !Objects.equals(bp.sourcePackageName, p.getPackageName())) {
            final boolean currentOwnerIsSystem;
            if (bp.perm == null) {
                currentOwnerIsSystem = false;
            } else {
                AndroidPackage currentPackage = packageManagerInternal.getPackage(
                        bp.perm.getPackageName());
                if (currentPackage == null) {
                    currentOwnerIsSystem = false;
                } else {
                    currentOwnerIsSystem = currentPackage.isSystem();
                }
            }

            if (pkg.isSystem()) {
                if (bp.type == BasePermission.TYPE_BUILTIN && bp.perm == null) {
                    // It's a built-in permission and no owner, take ownership now
                    p.setFlags(p.getFlags() | PermissionInfo.FLAG_INSTALLED);
                    bp.perm = p;
                    bp.uid = pkg.getUid();
                    bp.sourcePackageName = p.getPackageName();
                } else if (!currentOwnerIsSystem) {
                    String msg = "New decl " + pkg + " of permission  "
                            + p.getName() + " is system; overriding " + bp.sourcePackageName;
                    PackageManagerService.reportSettingsProblem(Log.WARN, msg);
                    ownerChanged = true;
                    bp = null;
                }
            }
        }
        if (bp == null) {
            bp = new BasePermission(p.getName(), p.getPackageName(), TYPE_NORMAL);
        }
        boolean wasNormal = bp.isNormal();
        StringBuilder r = null;
        if (bp.perm == null) {
            if (bp.sourcePackageName == null
                    || bp.sourcePackageName.equals(p.getPackageName())) {
                final BasePermission tree = findPermissionTree(permissionTrees, p.getName());
                if (tree == null
                        || tree.sourcePackageName.equals(p.getPackageName())) {
                    p.setFlags(p.getFlags() | PermissionInfo.FLAG_INSTALLED);
                    bp.perm = p;
                    bp.uid = pkg.getUid();
                    bp.sourcePackageName = p.getPackageName();
                    if (chatty) {
                        if (r == null) {
                            r = new StringBuilder(256);
                        } else {
                            r.append(' ');
                        }
                        r.append(p.getName());
                    }
                } else {
                    Slog.w(TAG, "Permission " + p.getName() + " from package "
                            + p.getPackageName() + " ignored: base tree "
                            + tree.name + " is from package "
                            + tree.sourcePackageName);
                }
            } else {
                Slog.w(TAG, "Permission " + p.getName() + " from package "
                        + p.getPackageName() + " ignored: original from "
                        + bp.sourcePackageName);
            }
        } else if (chatty) {
            if (r == null) {
                r = new StringBuilder(256);
            } else {
                r.append(' ');
            }
            r.append("DUP:");
            r.append(p.getName());
        }
        if (bp.perm != null && Objects.equals(bp.perm.getPackageName(), p.getPackageName())
                && Objects.equals(bp.perm.getName(), p.getName())) {
            bp.protectionLevel = p.getProtectionLevel();
        }
        if (bp.isRuntime() && (ownerChanged || wasNormal)) {
            // If this is a runtime permission and the owner has changed, or this was a normal
            // permission, then permission state should be cleaned up
            bp.mPermissionDefinitionChanged = true;
        }
        if (PackageManagerService.DEBUG_PACKAGE_SCANNING && r != null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "  Permissions: " + r);
        }
        return bp;
    }

    static BasePermission enforcePermissionTree(
            Collection<BasePermission> permissionTrees, String permName, int callingUid) {
        if (permName != null) {
            BasePermission bp = findPermissionTree(permissionTrees, permName);
            if (bp != null) {
                if (bp.uid == UserHandle.getAppId(callingUid)) {
                    return bp;
                }
                throw new SecurityException("Calling uid " + callingUid
                        + " is not allowed to add to permission tree "
                        + bp.name + " owned by uid " + bp.uid);
            }
        }
        throw new SecurityException("No permission tree found for " + permName);
    }

    public void enforceDeclaredUsedAndRuntimeOrDevelopment(AndroidPackage pkg,
            PackageSetting pkgSetting) {
        final PermissionsState permsState = pkgSetting.getPermissionsState();
        int index = pkg.getRequestedPermissions().indexOf(name);
        if (!permsState.hasRequestedPermission(name) && index == -1) {
            throw new SecurityException("Package " + pkg.getPackageName()
                    + " has not requested permission " + name);
        }
        if (!isRuntime() && !isDevelopment()) {
            throw new SecurityException("Permission " + name + " requested by "
                    + pkg.getPackageName() + " is not a changeable permission type");
        }
    }

    private static BasePermission findPermissionTree(
            Collection<BasePermission> permissionTrees, String permName) {
        for (BasePermission bp : permissionTrees) {
            if (permName.startsWith(bp.name) &&
                    permName.length() > bp.name.length() &&
                    permName.charAt(bp.name.length()) == '.') {
                return bp;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public @Nullable PermissionInfo generatePermissionInfo(@NonNull String groupName, int flags) {
        if (groupName == null) {
            if (perm == null || perm.getGroup() == null) {
                return generatePermissionInfo(protectionLevel, flags);
            }
        } else {
            if (perm != null && groupName.equals(perm.getGroup())) {
                return PackageInfoUtils.generatePermissionInfo(perm, flags);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public @NonNull PermissionInfo generatePermissionInfo(int adjustedProtectionLevel, int flags) {
        PermissionInfo permissionInfo;
        if (perm != null) {
            final boolean protectionLevelChanged = protectionLevel != adjustedProtectionLevel;
            permissionInfo = PackageInfoUtils.generatePermissionInfo(perm, flags);
            if (protectionLevelChanged) {
                // if we return different protection level, don't use the cached info
                permissionInfo = new PermissionInfo(permissionInfo);
                permissionInfo.protectionLevel = adjustedProtectionLevel;
            }
            return permissionInfo;
        }
        permissionInfo = new PermissionInfo();
        permissionInfo.name = name;
        permissionInfo.packageName = sourcePackageName;
        permissionInfo.nonLocalizedLabel = name;
        permissionInfo.protectionLevel = protectionLevel;
        return permissionInfo;
    }

    public static boolean readLPw(@NonNull Map<String, BasePermission> out,
            @NonNull XmlPullParser parser) {
        final String tagName = parser.getName();
        if (!tagName.equals(TAG_ITEM)) {
            return false;
        }
        final String name = parser.getAttributeValue(null, ATTR_NAME);
        final String sourcePackage = parser.getAttributeValue(null, ATTR_PACKAGE);
        final String ptype = parser.getAttributeValue(null, "type");
        if (name == null || sourcePackage == null) {
            PackageManagerService.reportSettingsProblem(Log.WARN,
                    "Error in package manager settings: permissions has" + " no name at "
                            + parser.getPositionDescription());
            return false;
        }
        final boolean dynamic = "dynamic".equals(ptype);
        BasePermission bp = out.get(name);
        // If the permission is builtin, do not clobber it.
        if (bp == null || bp.type != TYPE_BUILTIN) {
            bp = new BasePermission(name.intern(), sourcePackage,
                    dynamic ? TYPE_DYNAMIC : TYPE_NORMAL);
        }
        bp.protectionLevel = readInt(parser, null, "protection",
                PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_NORMAL);
        bp.protectionLevel = PermissionInfo.fixProtectionLevel(bp.protectionLevel);
        if (dynamic) {
            final PermissionInfo pi = new PermissionInfo();
            pi.packageName = sourcePackage.intern();
            pi.name = name.intern();
            pi.icon = readInt(parser, null, "icon", 0);
            pi.nonLocalizedLabel = parser.getAttributeValue(null, "label");
            pi.protectionLevel = bp.protectionLevel;
            bp.pendingPermissionInfo = pi;
        }
        out.put(bp.name, bp);
        return true;
    }

    private static int readInt(XmlPullParser parser, String ns, String name, int defValue) {
        String v = parser.getAttributeValue(ns, name);
        try {
            if (v == null) {
                return defValue;
            }
            return Integer.parseInt(v);
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            PackageManagerService.reportSettingsProblem(Log.WARN,
                    "Error in package manager settings: attribute " + name
                            + " has bad integer value " + v + " at "
                            + parser.getPositionDescription());
        }
        return defValue;
    }

    public void writeLPr(@NonNull XmlSerializer serializer) throws IOException {
        if (sourcePackageName == null) {
            return;
        }
        serializer.startTag(null, TAG_ITEM);
        serializer.attribute(null, ATTR_NAME, name);
        serializer.attribute(null, ATTR_PACKAGE, sourcePackageName);
        if (protectionLevel != PermissionInfo.PROTECTION_NORMAL) {
            serializer.attribute(null, "protection", Integer.toString(protectionLevel));
        }
        if (type == BasePermission.TYPE_DYNAMIC) {
            if (perm != null || pendingPermissionInfo != null) {
                serializer.attribute(null, "type", "dynamic");
                int icon = perm != null ? perm.getIcon() : pendingPermissionInfo.icon;
                CharSequence nonLocalizedLabel = perm != null
                        ? perm.getNonLocalizedLabel()
                        : pendingPermissionInfo.nonLocalizedLabel;

                if (icon != 0) {
                    serializer.attribute(null, "icon", Integer.toString(icon));
                }
                if (nonLocalizedLabel != null) {
                    serializer.attribute(null, "label", nonLocalizedLabel.toString());
                }
            }
        }
        serializer.endTag(null, TAG_ITEM);
    }

    private static boolean compareStrings(CharSequence s1, CharSequence s2) {
        if (s1 == null) {
            return s2 == null;
        }
        if (s2 == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (s1.getClass() != s2.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        return s1.equals(s2);
    }

    private static boolean comparePermissionInfos(ParsedPermission pi1, PermissionInfo pi2) {
        if (pi1.getIcon() != pi2.icon) return false;
        if (pi1.getLogo() != pi2.logo) return false;
        if (pi1.getProtectionLevel() != pi2.protectionLevel) return false;
        if (!compareStrings(pi1.getName(), pi2.name)) return false;
        if (!compareStrings(pi1.getNonLocalizedLabel(), pi2.nonLocalizedLabel)) return false;
        // We'll take care of setting this one.
        if (!compareStrings(pi1.getPackageName(), pi2.packageName)) return false;
        // These are not currently stored in settings.
        //if (!compareStrings(pi1.group, pi2.group)) return false;
        //if (!compareStrings(pi1.nonLocalizedDescription, pi2.nonLocalizedDescription)) return false;
        //if (pi1.labelRes != pi2.labelRes) return false;
        //if (pi1.descriptionRes != pi2.descriptionRes) return false;
        return true;
    }

    public boolean dumpPermissionsLPr(@NonNull PrintWriter pw, @NonNull String packageName,
            @NonNull Set<String> permissionNames, boolean readEnforced,
            boolean printedSomething, @NonNull DumpState dumpState) {
        if (packageName != null && !packageName.equals(sourcePackageName)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (permissionNames != null && !permissionNames.contains(name)) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!printedSomething) {
            if (dumpState.onTitlePrinted())
                pw.println();
            pw.println("Permissions:");
            printedSomething = true;
        }
        pw.print("  Permission ["); pw.print(name); pw.print("] (");
                pw.print(Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(this)));
                pw.println("):");
        pw.print("    sourcePackage="); pw.println(sourcePackageName);
        pw.print("    uid="); pw.print(uid);
                pw.print(" gids="); pw.print(Arrays.toString(
                        computeGids(UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM)));
                pw.print(" type="); pw.print(type);
                pw.print(" prot=");
                pw.println(PermissionInfo.protectionToString(protectionLevel));
        if (perm != null) {
            pw.print("    perm="); pw.println(perm);
            if ((perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_INSTALLED) == 0
                    || (perm.getFlags() & PermissionInfo.FLAG_REMOVED) != 0) {
                pw.print("    flags=0x"); pw.println(Integer.toHexString(perm.getFlags()));
            }
        }
        if (READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE.equals(name)) {
            pw.print("    enforced=");
            pw.println(readEnforced);
        }
        return true;
    }
}

Output:
【漏洞类型】权限升级漏洞
【严重性】Medium
【漏洞摘要】在原始代码中，`BasePermission` 类的 `createOrUpdate` 方法中，当一个非运行时权限被重新定义为运行时权限时，`mPermissionDefinitionChanged` 标志没有被正确设置。这导致在权限升级过程中，权限状态可能没有被正确清理，从而可能导致安全问题。具体来说，问题出在第367行和第411行，`wasNormal` 变量被用来判断是否需要清理权限状态，但 `wasNormal` 变量只考虑了权限是否从正常级别升级到运行时级别，而没有考虑到从其他非运行时级别（如签名级别）升级到运行时级别的情况。
【关键代码模式】权限升级逻辑、`mPermissionDefinitionChanged` 标志、`createOrUpdate` 方法。
【修复方法说明】修复方法通过将 `wasNormal` 变量替换为 `wasNonRuntime` 变量，确保在任何非运行时权限升级到运行时权限时，`mPermissionDefinitionChanged` 标志都会被正确设置，从而清理权限状态。


Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
index.js
### 代码内容：
/**
 * Module dependencies.
 */

var debug = require('debug')('socket.io-parser');
var Emitter = require('component-emitter');
var binary = require('./binary');
var isArray = require('isarray');
var isBuf = require('./is-buffer');

/**
 * Protocol version.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.protocol = 4;

/**
 * Packet types.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.types = [
  'CONNECT',
  'DISCONNECT',
  'EVENT',
  'ACK',
  'ERROR',
  'BINARY_EVENT',
  'BINARY_ACK'
];

/**
 * Packet type `connect`.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.CONNECT = 0;

/**
 * Packet type `disconnect`.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.DISCONNECT = 1;

/**
 * Packet type `event`.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.EVENT = 2;

/**
 * Packet type `ack`.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.ACK = 3;

/**
 * Packet type `error`.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.ERROR = 4;

/**
 * Packet type 'binary event'
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.BINARY_EVENT = 5;

/**
 * Packet type `binary ack`. For acks with binary arguments.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.BINARY_ACK = 6;

/**
 * Encoder constructor.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.Encoder = Encoder;

/**
 * Decoder constructor.
 *
 * @api public
 */

exports.Decoder = Decoder;

/**
 * A socket.io Encoder instance
 *
 * @api public
 */

function Encoder() {}

var ERROR_PACKET = exports.ERROR + '"encode error"';

/**
 * Encode a packet as a single string if non-binary, or as a
 * buffer sequence, depending on packet type.
 *
 * @param {Object} obj - packet object
 * @param {Function} callback - function to handle encodings (likely engine.write)
 * @return Calls callback with Array of encodings
 * @api public
 */

Encoder.prototype.encode = function(obj, callback){
  debug('encoding packet %j', obj);

  if (exports.BINARY_EVENT === obj.type || exports.BINARY_ACK === obj.type) {
    encodeAsBinary(obj, callback);
  } else {
    var encoding = encodeAsString(obj);
    callback([encoding]);
  }
};

/**
 * Encode packet as string.
 *
 * @param {Object} packet
 * @return {String} encoded
 * @api private
 */

function encodeAsString(obj) {

  // first is type
  var str = '' + obj.type;

  // attachments if we have them
  if (exports.BINARY_EVENT === obj.type || exports.BINARY_ACK === obj.type) {
    str += obj.attachments + '-';
  }

  // if we have a namespace other than `/`
  // we append it followed by a comma `,`
  if (obj.nsp && '/' !== obj.nsp) {
    str += obj.nsp + ',';
  }

  // immediately followed by the id
  if (null != obj.id) {
    str += obj.id;
  }

  // json data
  if (null != obj.data) {
    var payload = tryStringify(obj.data);
    if (payload !== false) {
      str += payload;
    } else {
      return ERROR_PACKET;
    }
  }

  debug('encoded %j as %s', obj, str);
  return str;
}

function tryStringify(str) {
  try {
    return JSON.stringify(str);
  } catch(e){
    return false;
  }
}

/**
 * Encode packet as 'buffer sequence' by removing blobs, and
 * deconstructing packet into object with placeholders and
 * a list of buffers.
 *
 * @param {Object} packet
 * @return {Buffer} encoded
 * @api private
 */

function encodeAsBinary(obj, callback) {

  function writeEncoding(bloblessData) {
    var deconstruction = binary.deconstructPacket(bloblessData);
    var pack = encodeAsString(deconstruction.packet);
    var buffers = deconstruction.buffers;

    buffers.unshift(pack); // add packet info to beginning of data list
    callback(buffers); // write all the buffers
  }

  binary.removeBlobs(obj, writeEncoding);
}

/**
 * A socket.io Decoder instance
 *
 * @return {Object} decoder
 * @api public
 */

function Decoder() {
  this.reconstructor = null;
}

/**
 * Mix in `Emitter` with Decoder.
 */

Emitter(Decoder.prototype);

/**
 * Decodes an encoded packet string into packet JSON.
 *
 * @param {String} obj - encoded packet
 * @return {Object} packet
 * @api public
 */

Decoder.prototype.add = function(obj) {
  var packet;
  if (typeof obj === 'string') {
    packet = decodeString(obj);
    if (exports.BINARY_EVENT === packet.type || exports.BINARY_ACK === packet.type) { // binary packet's json
      this.reconstructor = new BinaryReconstructor(packet);

      // no attachments, labeled binary but no binary data to follow
      if (this.reconstructor.reconPack.attachments === 0) {
        this.emit('decoded', packet);
      }
    } else { // non-binary full packet
      this.emit('decoded', packet);
    }
  } else if (isBuf(obj) || obj.base64) { // raw binary data
    if (!this.reconstructor) {
      throw new Error('got binary data when not reconstructing a packet');
    } else {
      packet = this.reconstructor.takeBinaryData(obj);
      if (packet) { // received final buffer
        this.reconstructor = null;
        this.emit('decoded', packet);
      }
    }
  } else {
    throw new Error('Unknown type: ' + obj);
  }
};

/**
 * Decode a packet String (JSON data)
 *
 * @param {String} str
 * @return {Object} packet
 * @api private
 */

function decodeString(str) {
  var i = 0;
  // look up type
  var p = {
    type: Number(str.charAt(0))
  };

  if (null == exports.types[p.type]) {
    return error('unknown packet type ' + p.type);
  }

  // look up attachments if type binary
  if (exports.BINARY_EVENT === p.type || exports.BINARY_ACK === p.type) {
    var buf = '';
    while (str.charAt(++i) !== '-') {
      buf += str.charAt(i);
      if (i == str.length) break;
    }
    if (buf != Number(buf) || str.charAt(i) !== '-') {
      throw new Error('Illegal attachments');
    }
    p.attachments = Number(buf);
  }

  // look up namespace (if any)
  if ('/' === str.charAt(i + 1)) {
    p.nsp = '';
    while (++i) {
      var c = str.charAt(i);
      if (',' === c) break;
      p.nsp += c;
      if (i === str.length) break;
    }
  } else {
    p.nsp = '/';
  }

  // look up id
  var next = str.charAt(i + 1);
  if ('' !== next && Number(next) == next) {
    p.id = '';
    while (++i) {
      var c = str.charAt(i);
      if (null == c || Number(c) != c) {
        --i;
        break;
      }
      p.id += str.charAt(i);
      if (i === str.length) break;
    }
    p.id = Number(p.id);
  }

  // look up json data
  if (str.charAt(++i)) {
    var payload = tryParse(str.substr(i));
    var isPayloadValid = payload !== false && (p.type === exports.ERROR || isArray(payload));
    if (isPayloadValid) {
      p.data = payload;
    } else {
      return error('invalid payload');
    }
  }

  debug('decoded %s as %j', str, p);
  return p;
}

function tryParse(str) {
  try {
    return JSON.parse(str);
  } catch(e){
    return false;
  }
}

/**
 * Deallocates a parser's resources
 *
 * @api public
 */

Decoder.prototype.destroy = function() {
  if (this.reconstructor) {
    this.reconstructor.finishedReconstruction();
  }
};

/**
 * A manager of a binary event's 'buffer sequence'. Should
 * be constructed whenever a packet of type BINARY_EVENT is
 * decoded.
 *
 * @param {Object} packet
 * @return {BinaryReconstructor} initialized reconstructor
 * @api private
 */

function BinaryReconstructor(packet) {
  this.reconPack = packet;
  this.buffers = [];
}

/**
 * Method to be called when binary data received from connection
 * after a BINARY_EVENT packet.
 *
 * @param {Buffer | ArrayBuffer} binData - the raw binary data received
 * @return {null | Object} returns null if more binary data is expected or
 *   a reconstructed packet object if all buffers have been received.
 * @api private
 */

BinaryReconstructor.prototype.takeBinaryData = function(binData) {
  this.buffers.push(binData);
  if (this.buffers.length === this.reconPack.attachments) { // done with buffer list
    var packet = binary.reconstructPacket(this.reconPack, this.buffers);
    this.finishedReconstruction();
    return packet;
  }
  return null;
};

/**
 * Cleans up binary packet reconstruction variables.
 *
 * @api private
 */

BinaryReconstructor.prototype.finishedReconstruction = function() {
  this.reconPack = null;
  this.buffers = [];
};

function error(msg) {
  return {
    type: exports.ERROR,
    data: 'parser error: ' + msg
  };
}

Output:
【漏洞类型】DoS（拒绝服务）漏洞 – OOM（内存耗尽）
【严重性】High（高）
【漏洞摘要】当`maxHttpBufferSize`设置为较大值时，攻击者可以通过发送一个巨大的JSON数据负载来触发内存耗尽（OOM）错误。具体来说，原始代码在`decodeString`函数中通过字符串拼接来解析附件数量、命名空间和ID，这种做法会导致大量的`ConsOneByteString`对象被创建，从而消耗大量内存。最终，当内存耗尽时，Node.js会抛出“JavaScript heap out of memory”错误，导致服务崩溃。
【关键代码模式】字符串拼接，逐字符检查，未限制输入长度，`decodeString`函数，`tryStringify`和`tryParse`函数。
【修复方法说明】修复方法通过使用`substring`来代替逐字符拼接，从而避免了创建大量中间字符串对象的问题。这种方法提高了性能，并且更安全，因为它减少了内存占用的风险。


Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
lib/server.js
### 代码内容：
const qs = require("querystring");
const parse = require("url").parse;
const base64id = require("base64id");
const transports = require("./transports");
const EventEmitter = require("events").EventEmitter;
const Socket = require("./socket");
const debug = require("debug")("engine");
const cookieMod = require("cookie");

class Server extends EventEmitter {
  /**
   * Server constructor.
   *
   * @param {Object} options
   * @api public
   */
  constructor(opts = {}) {
    super();

    this.clients = {};
    this.clientsCount = 0;

    this.opts = Object.assign(
      {
        wsEngine: process.env.EIO_WS_ENGINE || "ws",
        pingTimeout: 5000,
        pingInterval: 25000,
        upgradeTimeout: 10000,
        maxHttpBufferSize: 10e7,
        transports: Object.keys(transports),
        allowUpgrades: true,
        perMessageDeflate: {
          threshold: 1024
        },
        httpCompression: {
          threshold: 1024
        },
        cors: false
      },
      opts
    );

    if (opts.cookie) {
      this.opts.cookie = Object.assign(
        {
          name: "io",
          path: "/",
          httpOnly: opts.cookie.path !== false,
          sameSite: "lax"
        },
        opts.cookie
      );
    }

    if (this.opts.cors) {
      this.corsMiddleware = require("cors")(this.opts.cors);
    }

    this.init();
  }

  /**
   * Initialize websocket server
   *
   * @api private
   */
  init() {
    if (!~this.opts.transports.indexOf("websocket")) return;

    if (this.ws) this.ws.close();

    let wsModule;
    switch (this.opts.wsEngine) {
      case "uws":
        wsModule = require("uws");
        break;
      case "ws":
        wsModule = require("ws");
        break;
      default:
        throw new Error("unknown wsEngine");
    }
    this.ws = new wsModule.Server({
      noServer: true,
      clientTracking: false,
      perMessageDeflate: this.opts.perMessageDeflate,
      maxPayload: this.opts.maxHttpBufferSize
    });
  }

  /**
   * Returns a list of available transports for upgrade given a certain transport.
   *
   * @return {Array}
   * @api public
   */
  upgrades(transport) {
    if (!this.opts.allowUpgrades) return [];
    return transports[transport].upgradesTo || [];
  }

  /**
   * Verifies a request.
   *
   * @param {http.IncomingMessage}
   * @return {Boolean} whether the request is valid
   * @api private
   */
  verify(req, upgrade, fn) {
    // transport check
    const transport = req._query.transport;
    if (!~this.opts.transports.indexOf(transport)) {
      debug('unknown transport "%s"', transport);
      return fn(Server.errors.UNKNOWN_TRANSPORT, false);
    }

    // 'Origin' header check
    const isOriginInvalid = checkInvalidHeaderChar(req.headers.origin);
    if (isOriginInvalid) {
      req.headers.origin = null;
      debug("origin header invalid");
      return fn(Server.errors.BAD_REQUEST, false);
    }

    // sid check
    const sid = req._query.sid;
    if (sid) {
      if (!this.clients.hasOwnProperty(sid)) {
        debug('unknown sid "%s"', sid);
        return fn(Server.errors.UNKNOWN_SID, false);
      }
      if (!upgrade && this.clients[sid].transport.name !== transport) {
        debug("bad request: unexpected transport without upgrade");
        return fn(Server.errors.BAD_REQUEST, false);
      }
    } else {
      // handshake is GET only
      if ("GET" !== req.method)
        return fn(Server.errors.BAD_HANDSHAKE_METHOD, false);
      if (!this.opts.allowRequest) return fn(null, true);
      return this.opts.allowRequest(req, fn);
    }

    fn(null, true);
  }

  /**
   * Prepares a request by processing the query string.
   *
   * @api private
   */
  prepare(req) {
    // try to leverage pre-existing `req._query` (e.g: from connect)
    if (!req._query) {
      req._query = ~req.url.indexOf("?") ? qs.parse(parse(req.url).query) : {};
    }
  }

  /**
   * Closes all clients.
   *
   * @api public
   */
  close() {
    debug("closing all open clients");
    for (let i in this.clients) {
      if (this.clients.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
        this.clients[i].close(true);
      }
    }
    if (this.ws) {
      debug("closing webSocketServer");
      this.ws.close();
      // don't delete this.ws because it can be used again if the http server starts listening again
    }
    return this;
  }

  /**
   * Handles an Engine.IO HTTP request.
   *
   * @param {http.IncomingMessage} request
   * @param {http.ServerResponse|http.OutgoingMessage} response
   * @api public
   */
  handleRequest(req, res) {
    debug('handling "%s" http request "%s"', req.method, req.url);
    this.prepare(req);
    req.res = res;

    const callback = (err, success) => {
      if (!success) {
        sendErrorMessage(req, res, err);
        return;
      }

      if (req._query.sid) {
        debug("setting new request for existing client");
        this.clients[req._query.sid].transport.onRequest(req);
      } else {
        this.handshake(req._query.transport, req);
      }
    };

    if (this.corsMiddleware) {
      this.corsMiddleware.call(null, req, res, () => {
        this.verify(req, false, callback);
      });
    } else {
      this.verify(req, false, callback);
    }
  }

  /**
   * generate a socket id.
   * Overwrite this method to generate your custom socket id
   *
   * @param {Object} request object
   * @api public
   */
  generateId(req) {
    return base64id.generateId();
  }

  /**
   * Handshakes a new client.
   *
   * @param {String} transport name
   * @param {Object} request object
   * @api private
   */
  async handshake(transportName, req) {
    let id;
    try {
      id = await this.generateId(req);
    } catch (e) {
      debug("error while generating an id");
      sendErrorMessage(req, req.res, Server.errors.BAD_REQUEST);
      return;
    }

    debug('handshaking client "%s"', id);

    try {
      var transport = new transports[transportName](req);
      if ("polling" === transportName) {
        transport.maxHttpBufferSize = this.opts.maxHttpBufferSize;
        transport.httpCompression = this.opts.httpCompression;
      } else if ("websocket" === transportName) {
        transport.perMessageDeflate = this.opts.perMessageDeflate;
      }

      if (req._query && req._query.b64) {
        transport.supportsBinary = false;
      } else {
        transport.supportsBinary = true;
      }
    } catch (e) {
      debug('error handshaking to transport "%s"', transportName);
      sendErrorMessage(req, req.res, Server.errors.BAD_REQUEST);
      return;
    }
    const socket = new Socket(id, this, transport, req);
    const self = this;

    if (this.opts.cookie) {
      transport.on("headers", headers => {
        headers["Set-Cookie"] = cookieMod.serialize(
          this.opts.cookie.name,
          id,
          this.opts.cookie
        );
      });
    }

    transport.onRequest(req);

    this.clients[id] = socket;
    this.clientsCount++;

    socket.once("close", function() {
      delete self.clients[id];
      self.clientsCount--;
    });

    this.emit("connection", socket);
  }

  /**
   * Handles an Engine.IO HTTP Upgrade.
   *
   * @api public
   */
  handleUpgrade(req, socket, upgradeHead) {
    this.prepare(req);

    const self = this;
    this.verify(req, true, function(err, success) {
      if (!success) {
        abortConnection(socket, err);
        return;
      }

      const head = Buffer.from(upgradeHead); // eslint-disable-line node/no-deprecated-api
      upgradeHead = null;

      // delegate to ws
      self.ws.handleUpgrade(req, socket, head, function(conn) {
        self.onWebSocket(req, conn);
      });
    });
  }

  /**
   * Called upon a ws.io connection.
   *
   * @param {ws.Socket} websocket
   * @api private
   */
  onWebSocket(req, socket) {
    socket.on("error", onUpgradeError);

    if (
      transports[req._query.transport] !== undefined &&
      !transports[req._query.transport].prototype.handlesUpgrades
    ) {
      debug("transport doesnt handle upgraded requests");
      socket.close();
      return;
    }

    // get client id
    const id = req._query.sid;

    // keep a reference to the ws.Socket
    req.websocket = socket;

    if (id) {
      const client = this.clients[id];
      if (!client) {
        debug("upgrade attempt for closed client");
        socket.close();
      } else if (client.upgrading) {
        debug("transport has already been trying to upgrade");
        socket.close();
      } else if (client.upgraded) {
        debug("transport had already been upgraded");
        socket.close();
      } else {
        debug("upgrading existing transport");

        // transport error handling takes over
        socket.removeListener("error", onUpgradeError);

        const transport = new transports[req._query.transport](req);
        if (req._query && req._query.b64) {
          transport.supportsBinary = false;
        } else {
          transport.supportsBinary = true;
        }
        transport.perMessageDeflate = this.perMessageDeflate;
        client.maybeUpgrade(transport);
      }
    } else {
      // transport error handling takes over
      socket.removeListener("error", onUpgradeError);

      this.handshake(req._query.transport, req);
    }

    function onUpgradeError() {
      debug("websocket error before upgrade");
      // socket.close() not needed
    }
  }

  /**
   * Captures upgrade requests for a http.Server.
   *
   * @param {http.Server} server
   * @param {Object} options
   * @api public
   */
  attach(server, options) {
    const self = this;
    options = options || {};
    let path = (options.path || "/engine.io").replace(/\/$/, "");

    const destroyUpgradeTimeout = options.destroyUpgradeTimeout || 1000;

    // normalize path
    path += "/";

    function check(req) {
      return path === req.url.substr(0, path.length);
    }

    // cache and clean up listeners
    const listeners = server.listeners("request").slice(0);
    server.removeAllListeners("request");
    server.on("close", self.close.bind(self));
    server.on("listening", self.init.bind(self));

    // add request handler
    server.on("request", function(req, res) {
      if (check(req)) {
        debug('intercepting request for path "%s"', path);
        self.handleRequest(req, res);
      } else {
        let i = 0;
        const l = listeners.length;
        for (; i < l; i++) {
          listeners[i].call(server, req, res);
        }
      }
    });

    if (~self.opts.transports.indexOf("websocket")) {
      server.on("upgrade", function(req, socket, head) {
        if (check(req)) {
          self.handleUpgrade(req, socket, head);
        } else if (false !== options.destroyUpgrade) {
          // default node behavior is to disconnect when no handlers
          // but by adding a handler, we prevent that
          // and if no eio thing handles the upgrade
          // then the socket needs to die!
          setTimeout(function() {
            if (socket.writable && socket.bytesWritten <= 0) {
              return socket.end();
            }
          }, destroyUpgradeTimeout);
        }
      });
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Protocol errors mappings.
 */

Server.errors = {
  UNKNOWN_TRANSPORT: 0,
  UNKNOWN_SID: 1,
  BAD_HANDSHAKE_METHOD: 2,
  BAD_REQUEST: 3,
  FORBIDDEN: 4
};

Server.errorMessages = {
  0: "Transport unknown",
  1: "Session ID unknown",
  2: "Bad handshake method",
  3: "Bad request",
  4: "Forbidden"
};

/**
 * Sends an Engine.IO Error Message
 *
 * @param {http.ServerResponse} response
 * @param {code} error code
 * @api private
 */

function sendErrorMessage(req, res, code) {
  const headers = { "Content-Type": "application/json" };

  const isForbidden = !Server.errorMessages.hasOwnProperty(code);
  if (isForbidden) {
    res.writeHead(403, headers);
    res.end(
      JSON.stringify({
        code: Server.errors.FORBIDDEN,
        message: code || Server.errorMessages[Server.errors.FORBIDDEN]
      })
    );
    return;
  }
  if (req.headers.origin) {
    headers["Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"] = "true";
    headers["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = req.headers.origin;
  } else {
    headers["Access-Control-Allow-Origin"] = "*";
  }
  if (res !== undefined) {
    res.writeHead(400, headers);
    res.end(
      JSON.stringify({
        code: code,
        message: Server.errorMessages[code]
      })
    );
  }
}

/**
 * Closes the connection
 *
 * @param {net.Socket} socket
 * @param {code} error code
 * @api private
 */

function abortConnection(socket, code) {
  if (socket.writable) {
    const message = Server.errorMessages.hasOwnProperty(code)
      ? Server.errorMessages[code]
      : String(code || "");
    const length = Buffer.byteLength(message);
    socket.write(
      "HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\n" +
        "Connection: close\r\n" +
        "Content-type: text/html\r\n" +
        "Content-Length: " +
        length +
        "\r\n" +
        "\r\n" +
        message
    );
  }
  socket.destroy();
}

module.exports = Server;

/* eslint-disable */

/**
 * From https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v8.4.0/lib/_http_common.js#L303-L354
 *
 * True if val contains an invalid field-vchar
 *  field-value    = *( field-content / obs-fold )
 *  field-content  = field-vchar [ 1*( SP / HTAB ) field-vchar ]
 *  field-vchar    = VCHAR / obs-text
 *
 * checkInvalidHeaderChar() is currently designed to be inlinable by v8,
 * so take care when making changes to the implementation so that the source
 * code size does not exceed v8's default max_inlined_source_size setting.
 **/
// prettier-ignore
const validHdrChars = [
  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 0 - 15
  0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // 16 - 31
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 32 - 47
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 48 - 63
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 64 - 79
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 80 - 95
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 96 - 111
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, // 112 - 127
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, // 128 ...
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
  1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1  // ... 255
]

function checkInvalidHeaderChar(val) {
  val += "";
  if (val.length < 1) return false;
  if (!validHdrChars[val.charCodeAt(0)]) {
    debug('invalid header, index 0, char "%s"', val.charCodeAt(0));
    return true;
  }
  if (val.length < 2) return false;
  if (!validHdrChars[val.charCodeAt(1)]) {
    debug('invalid header, index 1, char "%s"', val.charCodeAt(1));
    return true;
  }
  if (val.length < 3) return false;
  if (!validHdrChars[val.charCodeAt(2)]) {
    debug('invalid header, index 2, char "%s"', val.charCodeAt(2));
    return true;
  }
  if (val.length < 4) return false;
  if (!validHdrChars[val.charCodeAt(3)]) {
    debug('invalid header, index 3, char "%s"', val.charCodeAt(3));
    return true;
  }
  for (let i = 4; i < val.length; ++i) {
    if (!validHdrChars[val.charCodeAt(i)]) {
      debug('invalid header, index "%i", char "%s"', i, val.charCodeAt(i));
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

Output:
【漏洞类型】服务器端拒绝服务（DoS）漏洞
【严重性】High
【漏洞摘要】在原始代码中，`maxHttpBufferSize` 被设置为 10e7（100 MB），这意味着服务器允许接收最大 100 MB 的数据。如果恶意客户端发送大量数据，这可能导致服务器内存耗尽，从而引发拒绝服务攻击。具体问题在于 `this.opts.maxHttpBufferSize` 的值没有被限制，导致潜在的资源耗尽问题。
【关键代码模式】
- `maxHttpBufferSize` 设置：`maxHttpBufferSize: 10e7`
- `perMessageDeflate` 和 `httpCompression` 配置：这些配置可能与 `maxHttpBufferSize` 一起影响服务器的资源使用。
- 没有对 `req` 或 `socket` 的数据大小进行验证：`this.handleRequest` 和 `this.handleUpgrade` 方法中没有对请求数据大小进行验证，导致服务器可能被大量数据淹没。
【修复方法说明】将 `maxHttpBufferSize` 的默认值从 100 MB 降低到 1 MB，以限制服务器接收的最大数据量，防止恶意客户端通过发送大量数据耗尽服务器资源。


Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
.gitignore
### 代码内容：
.gradle
.idea
*.iml
build/

## 内容2
### 文件路径：
.travis.yml
### 代码内容：
language: java
jdk:
  - oraclejdk8

after_success:
  - ./gradlew lib:jacocoTestReport lib:coveralls
## 内容3
### 文件路径：
lib/src/main/java/eu/hinsch/spring/boot/actuator/logview/LogViewEndpoint.java
### 代码内容：
package eu.hinsch.spring.boot.actuator.logview;

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.Endpoint;
import org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.MvcEndpoint;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;

/**
 * Created by lh on 23/02/15.
 */
public class LogViewEndpoint implements MvcEndpoint{

    private final List<FileProvider> fileProviders;
    private final Configuration freemarkerConfig;
    private final String loggingPath;
    private final List<String> stylesheets;

    public LogViewEndpoint(String loggingPath, List<String> stylesheets) {
        this.loggingPath = loggingPath;
        this.stylesheets = stylesheets;
        fileProviders = asList(new FileSystemFileProvider(),
                new ZipArchiveFileProvider(),
                new TarGzArchiveFileProvider());
        freemarkerConfig = new Configuration(Configuration.DEFAULT_INCOMPATIBLE_IMPROVEMENTS);
        freemarkerConfig.setClassForTemplateLoading(this.getClass(), "/templates");
    }

    @RequestMapping
    public void redirect(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.sendRedirect("log/");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public String list(Model model, // TODO model should no longer be injected
                       @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "FILENAME") SortBy sortBy,
                       @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "false") boolean desc,
                       @RequestParam(required = false) String base) throws IOException, TemplateException {
        securityCheck(base);

        Path currentFolder = loggingPath(base);

        List<FileEntry> files = getFileProvider(currentFolder).getFileEntries(currentFolder);
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = sortFiles(files, sortBy, desc);

        model.addAttribute("sortBy", sortBy);
        model.addAttribute("desc", desc);
        model.addAttribute("files", sortedFiles);
        model.addAttribute("currentFolder", currentFolder.toAbsolutePath().toString());
        model.addAttribute("base", base != null ? URLEncoder.encode(base, "UTF-8") : "");
        model.addAttribute("parent", getParent(currentFolder));
        model.addAttribute("stylesheets", stylesheets);

        return FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(freemarkerConfig.getTemplate("logview.ftl"), model);
    }

    private FileProvider getFileProvider(Path folder) {
        return fileProviders.stream()
                .filter(provider -> provider.canHandle(folder))
                .findFirst()
                .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("no file provider found for " + folder.toString()));
    }

    private String getParent(Path loggingPath) {
        Path basePath = loggingPath(null);
        String parent = "";
        if (!basePath.toString().equals(loggingPath.toString())) {
            parent = loggingPath.getParent().toString();
            if (parent.startsWith(basePath.toString())) {
                parent = parent.substring(basePath.toString().length());
            }
        }
        return parent;
    }

    private Path loggingPath(String base) {
        return base != null ? Paths.get(loggingPath, base) : Paths.get(loggingPath);
    }

    private List<FileEntry> sortFiles(List<FileEntry> files, SortBy sortBy, boolean desc) {
        Comparator<FileEntry> comparator = null;
        switch (sortBy) {
            case FILENAME:
                comparator = (a, b) -> a.getFilename().compareTo(b.getFilename());
                break;
            case SIZE:
                comparator = (a, b) -> Long.compare(a.getSize(), b.getSize());
                break;
            case MODIFIED:
                comparator = (a, b) -> Long.compare(a.getModified().toMillis(), b.getModified().toMillis());
                break;
        }
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = files.stream().sorted(comparator).collect(toList());

        if (desc) {
            Collections.reverse(sortedFiles);
        }
        return sortedFiles;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/view")
    public void view(@RequestParam String filename,
                     @RequestParam(required = false) String base,
                     @RequestParam(required = false) Integer tailLines,
                     HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        securityCheck(filename);
        response.setContentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN_VALUE);

        Path path = loggingPath(base);
        FileProvider fileProvider = getFileProvider(path);
        if (tailLines != null) {
            fileProvider.tailContent(path, filename, response.getOutputStream(), tailLines);
        }
        else {
            fileProvider.streamContent(path, filename, response.getOutputStream());
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping("/search")
    public void search(@RequestParam String term, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        Path folder = loggingPath(null);
        List<FileEntry> files = getFileProvider(folder).getFileEntries(folder);
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = sortFiles(files, SortBy.MODIFIED, false);

        response.setContentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN_VALUE);
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();

        sortedFiles.stream()
                .filter(file -> file.getFileType().equals(FileType.FILE))
                .forEach(file -> searchAndStreamFile(file, term, outputStream));
    }

    private void searchAndStreamFile(FileEntry fileEntry, String term, OutputStream outputStream) {
        Path folder = loggingPath(null);
        try {
            List<String> lines = IOUtils.readLines(new FileInputStream(new File(folder.toFile().toString(), fileEntry.getFilename())))
                    .stream()
                    .filter(line -> line.contains(term))
                    .map(line -> "[" + fileEntry.getFilename() + "] " + line)
                    .collect(toList());
            for (String line : lines) {
                outputStream.write(line.getBytes());
                outputStream.write(System.lineSeparator().getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("error reading file", e);
        }
    }

    private void securityCheck(String filename) {
        Assert.doesNotContain(filename, "..");
    }

    @Override
    public String getPath() {
        return "/log";
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isSensitive() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Class<? extends Endpoint> getEndpointType() {
        return null;
    }

}

Output:
【漏洞类型】路径遍历漏洞

【严重性】High

【漏洞摘要】这是一个路径遍历漏洞。该漏洞允许攻击者通过构造恶意的文件路径或文件名参数来访问或操作文件系统中的任意文件。具体表现为在`securityCheck`函数中，仅对`base`参数进行了简单的字符串检查（不包含`..`），而没有对文件路径进行更严格的验证。此外，`loggingPath`函数在构建文件路径时，未考虑到可能的路径操纵攻击。

【关键代码模式】`securityCheck`函数、`loggingPath`函数、`FileProvider`类的`tailContent`和`streamContent`方法。

【修复方法说明】修复方法通过修改`securityCheck`函数，对`base`和`filename`参数的组合路径进行了规范化的路径检查，确保它们位于预期的日志路径目录下。此外，更新了`.gitignore`文件以忽略`out/`目录，这可能是编译输出目录，进一步帮助防止路径遍历攻击。


Instruction:
作为 Java 安全专家，检测此代码中的安全漏洞：
## 内容1
### 文件路径：
.gitignore
### 代码内容：
.gradle
.idea
*.iml
build/
out/

## 内容2
### 文件路径：
.travis.yml
### 代码内容：
language: java
jdk:
  - openjdk8

after_success:
  - ./gradlew lib:jacocoTestReport lib:coveralls
## 内容3
### 文件路径：
lib/src/main/java/eu/hinsch/spring/boot/actuator/logview/LogViewEndpoint.java
### 代码内容：
package eu.hinsch.spring.boot.actuator.logview;

import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.Endpoint;
import org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.MvcEndpoint;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;

/**
 * Created by lh on 23/02/15.
 */
public class LogViewEndpoint implements MvcEndpoint{

    private final List<FileProvider> fileProviders;
    private final Configuration freemarkerConfig;
    private final String loggingPath;
    private final List<String> stylesheets;

    public LogViewEndpoint(String loggingPath, List<String> stylesheets) {
        this.loggingPath = loggingPath;
        this.stylesheets = stylesheets;
        fileProviders = asList(new FileSystemFileProvider(),
                new ZipArchiveFileProvider(),
                new TarGzArchiveFileProvider());
        freemarkerConfig = new Configuration(Configuration.DEFAULT_INCOMPATIBLE_IMPROVEMENTS);
        freemarkerConfig.setClassForTemplateLoading(this.getClass(), "/templates");
    }

    @RequestMapping
    public void redirect(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        response.sendRedirect("log/");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/")
    @ResponseBody
    public String list(Model model, // TODO model should no longer be injected
                       @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "FILENAME") SortBy sortBy,
                       @RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "false") boolean desc,
                       @RequestParam(required = false) String base) throws IOException, TemplateException {
        Path currentFolder = loggingPath(base);
        securityCheck(currentFolder, null);

        List<FileEntry> files = getFileProvider(currentFolder).getFileEntries(currentFolder);
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = sortFiles(files, sortBy, desc);

        model.addAttribute("sortBy", sortBy);
        model.addAttribute("desc", desc);
        model.addAttribute("files", sortedFiles);
        model.addAttribute("currentFolder", currentFolder.toAbsolutePath().toString());
        model.addAttribute("base", base != null ? URLEncoder.encode(base, "UTF-8") : "");
        model.addAttribute("parent", getParent(currentFolder));
        model.addAttribute("stylesheets", stylesheets);

        return FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(freemarkerConfig.getTemplate("logview.ftl"), model);
    }

    private FileProvider getFileProvider(Path folder) {
        return fileProviders.stream()
                .filter(provider -> provider.canHandle(folder))
                .findFirst()
                .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("no file provider found for " + folder.toString()));
    }

    private String getParent(Path loggingPath) {
        Path basePath = loggingPath(null);
        String parent = "";
        if (!basePath.toString().equals(loggingPath.toString())) {
            parent = loggingPath.getParent().toString();
            if (parent.startsWith(basePath.toString())) {
                parent = parent.substring(basePath.toString().length());
            }
        }
        return parent;
    }

    private Path loggingPath(String base) {
        return base != null ? Paths.get(loggingPath, base) : Paths.get(loggingPath);
    }

    private List<FileEntry> sortFiles(List<FileEntry> files, SortBy sortBy, boolean desc) {
        Comparator<FileEntry> comparator = null;
        switch (sortBy) {
            case FILENAME:
                comparator = (a, b) -> a.getFilename().compareTo(b.getFilename());
                break;
            case SIZE:
                comparator = (a, b) -> Long.compare(a.getSize(), b.getSize());
                break;
            case MODIFIED:
                comparator = (a, b) -> Long.compare(a.getModified().toMillis(), b.getModified().toMillis());
                break;
        }
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = files.stream().sorted(comparator).collect(toList());

        if (desc) {
            Collections.reverse(sortedFiles);
        }
        return sortedFiles;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/view")
    public void view(@RequestParam String filename,
                     @RequestParam(required = false) String base,
                     @RequestParam(required = false) Integer tailLines,
                     HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

        Path path = loggingPath(base);
        securityCheck(path, filename);
        response.setContentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN_VALUE);
        FileProvider fileProvider = getFileProvider(path);
        if (tailLines != null) {
            fileProvider.tailContent(path, filename, response.getOutputStream(), tailLines);
        }
        else {
            fileProvider.streamContent(path, filename, response.getOutputStream());
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping("/search")
    public void search(@RequestParam String term, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        Path folder = loggingPath(null);
        List<FileEntry> files = getFileProvider(folder).getFileEntries(folder);
        List<FileEntry> sortedFiles = sortFiles(files, SortBy.MODIFIED, false);

        response.setContentType(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN_VALUE);
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();

        sortedFiles.stream()
                .filter(file -> file.getFileType().equals(FileType.FILE))
                .forEach(file -> searchAndStreamFile(file, term, outputStream));
    }

    private void searchAndStreamFile(FileEntry fileEntry, String term, OutputStream outputStream) {
        Path folder = loggingPath(null);
        try {
            List<String> lines = IOUtils.readLines(new FileInputStream(new File(folder.toFile().toString(), fileEntry.getFilename())))
                    .stream()
                    .filter(line -> line.contains(term))
                    .map(line -> "[" + fileEntry.getFilename() + "] " + line)
                    .collect(toList());
            for (String line : lines) {
                outputStream.write(line.getBytes());
                outputStream.write(System.lineSeparator().getBytes());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("error reading file", e);
        }
    }

    private void securityCheck(Path base, String filename) {
        try {
            String canonicalLoggingPath = (filename != null ? new File(base.toFile().toString(), filename) : new File(base.toFile().toString())).getCanonicalPath();
            String baseCanonicalPath = new File(loggingPath).getCanonicalPath();
            String errorMessage = "File " + base.toString() + "/" + filename + " may not be located outside base path " + loggingPath;
            Assert.isTrue(canonicalLoggingPath.startsWith(baseCanonicalPath), errorMessage);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String getPath() {
        return "/log";
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isSensitive() {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Class<? extends Endpoint> getEndpointType() {
        return null;
    }

}

Output:
【漏洞类型】路径遍历漏洞
【严重性】High
【漏洞摘要】原始代码中存在路径遍历漏洞，攻击者可以通过构造特定的 `base` 或 `filename` 参数来访问系统中任意位置的文件。具体表现为在 `list` 和 `view` 方法中，`securityCheck` 函数未正确验证用户输入，导致攻击者可以利用 `..` 等特殊字符来绕过文件路径的安全检查。
【关键代码模式】`securityCheck` 函数，未验证的用户输入，如 `base` 和 `filename` 参数。
【修复方法说明】修复方法通过在 `list` 和 `view` 方法中调用 `securityCheck` 时传递完整的 `Path` 对象和 `filename` 参数，确保文件路径的安全性。